The phrase “be here now” is encapsulated in the opening aphorism of Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras: “Atha yoga anushasanam.” The word “atha” signifies a moment of readiness and intention—inviting the reader to be fully in the present moment to begin the study and practice of yoga. While this sutra is simple and straightforward, it’s an important call to action that frames the entire discourse of Patanjali’s text.
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What Does Yoga Sutra 1.1 Mean?
The Sanskrit sutra “Atha Yoga Anushasana” is commonly translated as “Now, the teachings of yoga.” This phrase is both a preface for the remaining 195 sutras and a precondition for exploring yogic philosophy and practice. Sutra 1.1 emphasizes the importance of approaching the practice with readiness and a sincere intention. It invites one to cultivate a mindset that is receptive, focused, and dedicated to the path of yoga.
Yoga Sutra 1.1 Translation
Sanskrit: अथ योगानुशासनम्॥१॥
Transliteration: Atha yogānuśāsanam
Word-for-Word Translation:
- Atha = Now, the current moment. Also a prayer, a blessing, or auspicious omen.
- yoga = Concentration, contemplation, union.
- anu = Following or teachings, a sequential or disciplined approach.
- śāsanam = Instruction or discipline.
Popular Translations
- “This is the teaching of yoga.” — Barbara Miller
- “This is the beginning of instruction in yoga.” — Swami Prabhavananda
- “Now concentration is explained.” — Swami Vivekananda
- “With prayers for divine blessings, now begins an exposition of the sacred art of yoga.” — B.K.S. Iyengar
- “Now the exposition of Yoga is being made.” — Swami Satchidananda
Atha: The power of now
By enunciating “Atha,” Patanjali encourages students to pause, reflect, and attune themselves to the present moment. This is an invitation to the reader to receive and engage with the teachings of yoga without distraction from the past or future. The use of “atha” signifies a shift from the theoretical understanding of yoga to its practical application and use. It requires the student to be present and open to the teachings that follow.
Atha here means beginning the study of who we are, where we are, and how we can make incremental changes to our inner and outer self in order to be less involved with material objects and more in tune with how we feel and how our actions affect those around us.
– Nicolai Bachman
The Teachings of Yoga
By including the word “yoga” in his first sutra, Patanjali specifies the purpose of the text: to provide a systematic approach to achieving the goal of yoga—the liberation (moksha) from suffering and the realization of one’s true nature. It implies that the teachings that follow will provide guidance on how to attain this state through disciplined practice.
The term “yoga” stems from the Sanskrit root “yuj,” which means to yoke or unite, implying a union of the individual self with a higher consciousness or universal truth. Patanjali defines yoga in sutra 1.2 as “the cessation of the fluctuations of the mind.” This definition highlights that the path of attaining union in yoga lies in the quieting of the mind’s distractions or mental fluctuations.
Anushasana: A Systematic Approach
The term “anushasana,” emphasizes Patanjali’s methodical and disciplined approach in his text. Each sutra builds upon the previous one to slowly form a comprehensive framework for achieving samadhi or enlightenment. This one step at a time approach requires patience, diligence, and perseverance. Students should be prepared for many challenges that will arise along this arduous adventure.
Anushasanam also means teaching according to what has come before. This signals that Patanjali is not starting something new but is continuing a long-existing tradition that has been down from teachers to disciples.
How to Practice Sutra 1.1
The first sutra may be brief, but it offers multiple avenues for enriching your practice:
- Be Here Now. Anchor yourself in the present. Experiment with meditation, deep breathing, or mindful movement to find what best resonates with you. At the start of your yoga practice, make an effort to “be here now.” Let go of judgment and release self-criticism.
- Cultivate Readiness. Bring openness and eagerness to your practice. Set aside distractions and to-do lists. Welcome these teachings with an open heart and clear mind. Embrace a mindset that values learning, growth, and discovery.
- Embrace the Process. The sutras might be sequential, but absorbing their wisdom is rarely straightforward. Different teachings will hit home at different times. Revisit previous sutras with fresh eyes, recognizing that as you evolve, so too will your understanding.
- Clarify Your Intentions. Before diving deeper into the Sutras, take a moment to clarify and refine your intentions. This step is crucial, as it sets the tone for how you read and approach the rest of the Patanjali’s text. Are you just curious about this ancient text, or are you dedicated towards finding spiritual awakening? This does not need to be set in stone, but having clear intentions will help you stay focused and motivated as you delve deeper into the teachings.
Inquiry Questions
- How does being open and receptive shape your exploration of yoga philosophy and practice?
- What common distractions prevent you from fully engaging in the present? How can you overcome them?
- What does “atha” mean in your life, both on and off the mat?
- What insights emerged when revisiting this or other sutras you’ve studied in the past? What revelations have emerged?
- When was your last experience of joy or wonderment while learning something new in yoga? How did it transform your practice?
Final Thoughts
In my own journey, “Atha Yoga Anushasanam” has served as a valuable touchstone. Stepping onto my mat with present moment awareness feels like I’m entering a sanctuary far away from life’s chaos. Off the mat, the practice of “being here now” has helped me approach challenges by pausing, tuning into my body and breath, and responding with intention—rather than impulsive reactions. By anchoring in the present, nurturing readiness, and embracing lifelong learning, I’ve created fertile ground for inner growth and transformation.
Sources
For further exploration of the Yoga Sutras and related practices, consider the following Yoga Sutra translations: